Polysensitization in the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Registry (REIDAC): A 2019-2022 prospective study with cluster and network analysis.

Autores de IIS La Fe

• Mercedes Rodríguez Serna

  Autor

Participantes ajenos a IIS La Fe

• Pesque, David
• Borrego, Leopoldo
• Zaragoza-Ninet, Violeta
• Sanz-Sanchez, Tatiana
• Miquel-Miquel, Francisco Javier
• Gonzalez-Perez, Ricardo
• Silvestre, Juan Francisco
• Cordoba-Guijarro, Susana
• Carrascosa, Jose Manuel
• Gatica-Ortega, Maria Elena
• Ruiz-Gonzalez, Inmaculada
• Mercader-Garcia, Pedro
• Tous-Romero, Fatima
• Ortiz de Frutos, Francisco Javier
• Serra-Baldrich, Esther
• Pastor-Nieto, Maria Antonia
• Sanchez-Perez, Javier
• Sanchez-Gilo, Araceli
• Mele-Ninot, Gemma
• Sanchez-Pedreno Guillen, Paloma
• Pujol, Ramon Maria
• Gimenez-Arnau, Ana Maria

Grupos

• Dermatología y Regeneración Tisular

  

  Leader

  Rafael Botella Estrada

Abstract

BACKGROUND: There is still limited clinical-practice data on specific clinical and patch test features, as well as on allergen clusters in polysensitization (PS). OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency, relevance, symptoms duration and risk factors in polysensitized patients and to assess possible allergen aggregation. METHODS: Prospective multicentric study (January 2019-December 2022) conducted in setting of the Spanish Contact Dermatitis Register (REIDAC). Clinical and patch test data of polysensitized and oligosensitized patients were compared, and risk factors of PS were investigated with logistic multivariate regression. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering and network analysis were used to study allergen aggregation in PS. RESULTS: A total of 10,176 patients were analysed. PS was found in 844 (8.3%). Current relevance was significantly higher in polysensitized patients (p<0.01). Risk factors for PS were atopic dermatitis (OR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.24-2.02), age (=60years vs. =24years, OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.25-2.44) and some special locations (legs vs. face OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05-2.25, hands vs. face OR: 1.46, 95% CI:1.15-1.85, arms vs. face OR: 1.49, 95% CI:1.01-2.20, trunk vs. face OR: 1.40, 95% CI:1.06-1.85). Cluster and network analyses revealed specific-allergen clusters and significant associations, including allergens belonging to metals group, fragrances and botanicals group, topical drugs group, rubber allergens and biocides. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that PS is structured by discernible patterns of specific-allergen clusters and reinforces significant allergen associations in PS. Cross-reactivity and/or concomitant sensitization could explain the formation of allergen clusters in PS.

© 2024 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.

Keywords

• FRAGRANCE ALLERGENS; CROSS-REACTIONS; LEG ULCERS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SENSITIZATION; NICKEL; PHENYLENEDIAMINE; MULTICENTER; COBALT; SERIES