Residual pulmonary infiltrates, symptoms and diffusion impairment at one-year after severe COVID-19 infection have different associated factors.

Autores de IIS La Fe

• Rosario Menéndez Villanueva

  Autor

• Raúl Méndez Ocaña

  Autor

• Ana María Latorre Campos

  Autor

• Paula González Jiménez

  Autor

• Antonio Torres Marti

  Autor

Participantes ajenos a IIS La Fe

• Peces-Barba, German
• Molina, Maria
• Espana, Pedro Pablo
• Garcia, Estela
• Consuegra-Vanegas, Angelica
• Pando-Sandoval, Ana
• Panadero, Carolina
• Figueira-Goncalves, Juan Marco
• De la Rosa, David
• Sibila, Oriol
• Martinez-Pitarch, Maria Dolores
• Toledo, Nuria
• Cejudo, Pilar
• Almonte-Batista, Wanda
• Macias-Paredes, Abigail
• Badenes, Diana
• Perez-Rodas, Eli Nancy
• Lazaro, Javier
• Quiros, Sarai
• Cordovilla, Rosa
• Cano-Pumarega, Irene

Grupos

• Infecciones Respiratorias

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: After severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia, patients may show lung sequelae on radiology and functional impairment at the 1-year follow-up. We aimed to describe the persistence of symptoms, radiological alterations, or reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO ) at 1-year follow-up in patients from the Spanish Registry RECOVID. METHODS: RECOVID collected symptom and radiological and functional lung tests data on hospitalised patients with coronavirus disease 2019 during the acute phase and at the 6- and 12-month follow-up visits. RESULTS: Of the 2500 enrolled survivors (90% admitted to the ward), 1874 had follow-up visits for up to a year. Of these, 42% continued to present with symptoms, 27% had radiological sequelae, and 31% had reduced DLCO . Independently associated factors included female sex, asthma, and the requirement for invasive or non-invasive mechanical ventilation. Complete radiological resolution was 72.2% at 12 months; associated factors with incomplete recovery were age, male sex, oxygen or respiratory support, corticosteroids and an initial SpO2 /FiO2 <450 or CURB65 =2. Reduced DLCO was observed in 31% of patients at 12 months; associated factors were older age, female sex, smoking habit, SpO2 /FiO2 <450 and CURB-65 =2, and the requirement of respiratory support. At 12 months, a proportion of the asymptomatic patients showed reduced DLCO (9.5%), radiological findings (25%), or both (11%). CONCLUSIONS: The factors associated with symptom persistence, incomplete radiological resolution, and DLCO <80% differed according to age, sex, comorbidities, and respiratory support. The burden of symptoms, reduced DLCO , and incomplete radiological resolution were considerable in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at the 1-year follow-up after hospitalisation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Internal Medicine published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Association for Publication of The Journal of Internal Medicine.

Keywords

• COVID-19; RECOVID; SARS-CoV-2; SEPAR