The effect of timing on community acquired respiratory virus infection mortality during the first year after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a prospective epidemiological survey.

Autores de IIS La Fe

• José Luis Piñana Sánchez

  Autor

• Juan Bautista Montoro Gómez

  Autor

• Jose Ignacio Lorenzo Herrero

  Autor

• María Dolores Gómez Ruiz

  Autor

• Manuel Nuno Direito De Morais Guerreiro

  Autor

• Eva María González Barberá

  Autor

• Carlos Carretero Marquez

  Autor

• Miguel Salavert Lletí

  Autor

• Aitana Balaguer Roselló

  Autor

• Guillermo Sanz Santillana

  Autor

• Jaime Sanz Caballer

  Autor

Participantes ajenos a IIS La Fe

• Pérez A
• Hernani R
• Giménez E
• Hernández-Boluda JC
• Solano C
• Navarro D

Grupos

• Hematología y Hemoterapia

• Infección Grave

Abstract

The effect of timing of community acquired respiratory virus (CARV) infection after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HCT) is an as yet unsettled issue. We evaluate this issue by including all consecutive allo-HCT recipients with molecularly-documented CARV infection during the first year after transplant. The study cohort was drawn from a prospective longitudinal survey of CARV in allo-HCT recipient having respiratory symptoms conducted from December 2013 to December 2018 at two Spanish transplant centers. Respiratory viruses in upper and/or lower respiratory specimens were tested using multiplex PCR panel assays. The study cohort comprised 233 allo-HCT recipients with 376 CARV infection episodes diagnosed during the first year after allo-HCT. Overall, 60% of CARV episodes occurred within the first 6 months (227 out of 376). Thirty patients (13%) had died at 3 months after CARV detection, of which 25 (83%) were recipients developing CARV within the first 6 months after transplant. Multivariate analysis identified four risk factors for mortality: ATG used as part of conditioning regimen [odds ratio (OR) 2.8, 95% confidence interval (C.I.) 1.21-6.4, p = 0.01], CARV lower respiratory tract disease (OR 3.4, 95% C.I. 1.4-8.4, p = 0.007), CARV infection within the first 6 months of transplant (OR 3.04, 95% C.I. 1.1-8.7, p = 0.03), and absolute lymphocyte count <0.2 × 109/L (OR 2.4, 95% C.I. 1-5.3, p = 0.04). Developing CARV infection within the first 6 months was associated with higher mortality. Our data supports that the timing of CARV development after allo-HCT could be of major interest.

Keywords

• BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTS; VERSUS-HOST-DISEASE; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS; RISK-FACTORS; AEROSOLIZED RIBAVIRIN; HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS; INFLUENZA INFECTIONS; STATISTICAL-METHODS; HUMAN CORONAVIRUS