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Cytokine Networks in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Targets, and Emerging Strategies

Fecha de publicación: Fecha Ahead of Print:

Autores de IIS La Fe

Grupos

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a challenging subtype of breast cancer due to its aggressive nature and lack of targeted therapies. Cytokines play a pivotal role in shaping the tumor microenvironment, modulating tumor progression, immune evasion, and therapy resistance. In this review, we discuss the complex cytokine networks involved in TNBC biology, highlighting their contribution to key oncogenic processes, including proliferation, angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and immunomodulation. We also summarize current and emerging cytokine-targeted therapeutic strategies, including monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, cell-based therapies, and cytokine-armed CAR-T and CAR-NK cell approaches, with a focus on clinical implications and future directions.

Datos de la publicación

ISSN/ISSNe:
2227-9059, 2227-9059

Biomedicines  MDPI

Tipo:
Review
Páginas:
-
PubMed:
40868199
Factor de Impacto:
0,874 SCImago ℠
Cuartil:
Q1 SCImago ℠

Citas Recibidas en Web of Science: 10

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Keywords

  • triple-negative breast cancer; cytokines; therapeutic targets; immunomodulation; clinical trial

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