The Potential Roles of Extracellular Vesicles as Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review

Autores de IIS La Fe

• Juan Francisco Merino Torres

  Autor

• Antonio Marcilla Díaz

  Autor

• José Miguel Soriano Del Castillo

  Autor

Participantes ajenos a IIS La Fe

• Valencia, Jessica
• Ferreira, Marta

Grupos

• Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Endocrinología, Nutrición y Dietética clínica

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by the misfolding and aggregation of alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn) into Lewy bodies and the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The urge for an early diagnosis biomarker comes from the fact that clinical manifestations of PD are estimated to appear once the substantia nigra has deteriorated and there has been a reduction of the dopamine levels from the striatum. Nowadays, extracellular vesicles (EVs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of neuro-degenerative diseases as PD. A systematic review dated August 2022 was carried out with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses with the aim to analyze the potential role of EVs as biomarkers for PD. From a total of 610 articles retrieved, 29 were eligible. This review discusses the role of EVs biochemistry and their cargo proteins, such as alpha-syn and DJ-1 among others, detected by a proteomic analysis as well as miRNAs and lncRNAs, as potential biomarkers that can be used to create standardized protocols for early PD diagnosis as well as to evaluate disease severity and progression.

Keywords

• Parkinson's disease; extracellular vesicles; exosomes; biomarkers; alpha-synuclein; lncRNAs; miRNAs