Attentional engagement and inhibitory control according to positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia: An emotional antisaccade task.

Fecha de publicación: 01/01/2022 Fecha Ahead of Print: 07/12/2021

Autores de IIS La Fe

Participantes ajenos a IIS La Fe

Sahuquillo-Leal, Rosa
Salmeron, Ladislaon
Berk, Michael

Grupos

Investigación en Salud Mental

Leader

Ana Cristina García Blanco
Perinatología

Leader

Máximo Vento Torres

Abstract

Despite schizophrenia (SZ) is characterized by a high psychopathological heterogeneity, the underlying psychological mechanisms that result in different clinical profiles are unclear. This study examined the cognitive processing of emotional faces (angry, happy, neutral, and sad) by means of assessing inhibitory control (antisaccade task) and attentional engagement (prosaccade task) with the eye-tracking paradigm. Firstly, two clinical SZ subgroups classified according to the predominance of positive (PSZ; n = 20) or negative symptoms (NSZ; n = 34) and a control group of 32 individuals were compared. Secondly, the association between prosaccade and antisaccade measurements and the severity of positive and negative symptoms were analyzed. The PSZ group showed slower antisaccades when angry faces were displayed, and higher positive symptoms were associated with slower prosaccade latencies to ones. Conversely, the NSZ group made overall slower prosaccades with an emotional advantage for angry faces, and higher negative symptoms were associated with faster antisaccade latencies to ones. Hence, whereas positive SZ profile is related to a lack of attentional engagement and an impaired inhibitory control to threatening information; negative SZ profile is linked to a lack of attentional engagement to faces, mainly with non-threat ones, and with an advantage to ignore distracting threatening stimuli. These findings support affective information-processing theories suggesting a hypersensitivity to threat for positive SZ profiles, and a desensitization to socio-emotional information for negative ones. Consequently, characterizing psychological mechanisms of SZ may allow improving current treatments to threat management when positive symptoms are predominant, or emotion sensitization when negative symptoms prevail.

Datos de la publicación

ISSN/ISSNe:: 0920-9964, 1573-2509
Tipo:: Article
Páginas:: 142-150
DOI:: 10.1016/j.schres.2021.11.044
Factor de Impacto:: 1,451 SCImago ℠
Cuartil:: Q1 SCImago ℠

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Filiaciones

Navalon, Pablo:: Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain

Instituto de Investigación. Neonatal Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
Sahuquillo-Leal, Rosa:: Department of Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Moreno-Gimenez, Alba:: Instituto de Investigación. Neonatal Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
Salmeron, Ladislaon:: ERI-reading, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Benavent, Pilar:: Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain

Mental Health Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
Sierra, Pilar:: Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain

Mental Health Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain

Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
Cañada Y:: Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain

Mental Health Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
Cañada-Martínez A:: Instituto de Investigación. Data Science, Biostatistics, and Bioinformatics, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain
Berk, Michael:: Deakin University, IMPACT Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Geelong, Australia

Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Centre for Youth Mental Health, Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
Garcia-Blanco, Ana:: Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain

Instituto de Investigación. Neonatal Research Group, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain

Department of Personality, Evaluation, and Psychological Treatment, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain